The categorisation of water security as an existential “threat” gives the state a licence to use exceptional measures to address water scarcity, including securitising the field and diminishing measures of transparency.
Over the last decades, the Middle East, and more specifically the Eastern Mediterranean region, has experienced a rapid process of desertification. This increased scarcity has significant political and socioeconomic impacts for the entire region.
In the context of climate change and the growing need to preserve natural resources, the study identifies the main blocking points for the contribution of local and regional authorities in the mentioned areas.
Water diplomacy is not limited only to government officials. Indeed Track-two initiatives also play important roles in water diplomacy.
Given the ecological and economic challenges, environmental activism – typically around issues affecting public health and livelihoods – has been on the rise in the region over the past few decades.
In the context of the current water challenges in the Mediterranean region, young people are making a difference by adopting innovative solutions to water issues and raising awareness on issues related to water management.
Since Vladimir Putin has been in power in Moscow, oil and gas have been an integral part of Russia’s strategy to regain influence on the world stage.
The Middle East and North Africa region has always been dependent on agriculture and climatic conditions- However, existing climatic and demographic trends cast serious doubts on its capacity to sustain the local population and economy in the future....
Due to its geography, demography and proliferation of conflicts, the Sahel region is the most threatened in the world by climate change. Any deterioration of the situation in the Sahel has repercussions on Europe and its relations with Africa.
New threats to human security emerge in a regional context in the Sahel already characterized by exceptional political instability involving a combination of rebellions, jihadist insurgencies, coups d’état and illegal trafficking.
Too often the interaction between water, food and energy in the Mediterranean has been characterised by distortions that have triggered negative externalities rather than positive synergies.
The exploitation of hydrocarbons has transformed societies with no previous urban tradition into urban societies. Today, 80% of the population in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates lives in urban areas.
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