Egypt’s problems are easy to point out and difficult to resolve: for the next two decades at least, it will need to create at least one million jobs per year, if it wants to absorb the new arrivals on the labour market and remain afloat.
The real democratisation seems to have stalled in most of the Arab Mediterranean, and the region’s newly established and newly empowered constitutional courts are doing little to effectively promote further democratisation.
While there are multiple economic, social, cultural and political causes for the current rise in the radical right in various European countries, it is difficult to say which is the most important.
Three days after the announcement of the Agreement’s signing, the Commission formally recommended that the negotiations be started with Serbia and that a Stabilisation and Association Agreement be negotiated with Kosovo.
Almost four years after the revolutions that shook many of the Arab countries, their diverse geographies and societies have turned each political transition into a distinct and specific case.
The Moroccan Constitution of 29 July 2011 is the first constitution promulgated under the reign of Mohammed VI. The role of the circumstances under which it emerged should not be overestimated.
Save for Tunisia, the country where the ‘Arab Spring’ started, the year was morose for those who believed in the promises of the revolution that had brought down four despots three years earlier.
Tunisia has achieved an elusive goal in the political development of the Arab Mediterranean: a democratic constitution drafted outside the influence of a foreign occupier or an authoritarian dictator.
In January 2014, a new permanent Constitution came into force in Egypt. It was the second such document since January 2011, and the fourth considering the two temporary constitutions adopted by constitutional declaration in March 2011 and July 2013.
In the past years, politics in Bosnia and Herzegovina has been marked by continuous crisis and blockade. Reforms in the country have largely stagnated and the accession process is stalling.
The second year of the government led by the Islamist Abdelilah Benkirane in Morocco was a tough one, marked by a drop of more than 60% in foreign investment.